The difference between CNC lathe machine and CNC turning center

CNC turning center is also used to process the rotating surface of parts like ordinary lathe. Generally, it can automatically complete the machining of cylindrical surface, conical surface, spherical surface and thread, and can also process some complex surfaces of revolution, such as hyperboloid.

The installation methods of lathes and lathes are basically the same. In order to improve processing efficiency, CNC lathes mostly use hydraulic, pneumatic and electric chucks.

CNC lathes can be divided into horizontal and vertical types. Horizontal lathe has horizontal guide rail and inclined guide rail. CNC sleeper cars of higher grade generally adopt inclined guide rail. According to the number of tool holders, it can be divided into single tool holder CNC lathe and double tool holder CNC lathe. The former is two coordinate control, and the latter is four coordinate control. Most of the double turret sleeping cars use inclined guide rails.

The shape of CNC turning center is similar to that of ordinary lathe, that is, it is composed of lathe bed, headstock, tool rest, feed system, pressure system, cooling and lubrication system, etc.

The feed system of the NC turning center is qualitatively different from that of the ordinary lathe. The traditional ordinary lathe has a feed box and an exchange gear carrier, while the NC lathe directly uses the servo motor to drive the slide and the tool carrier through the ball screw to realize the feed movement, so the structure of the feed system is greatly simplified.

There are many kinds of CNC turning centers with different specifications, which can be classified according to the following methods.

1. classification by lathe spindle position:

A. Vertical numerical control lathe vertical numerical control lathe is referred to as numerical control vertical lathe for short. Its lathe spindle is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. It is a circular worktable with a large diameter, which is used to clamp workpieces. It is a flexible manufacturing system FMS. This kind of machine tool is mainly used to process large and complex parts with large radial size and relatively small axial size.

B. Horizontal CNC lathehorizontal CNC lathes are divided into CNC horizontal guide rail horizontal lathes and CNC inclined guide rail horizontal lathes. The inclined guide rail structure can make the lathe more rigid and easy to remove chips.

2. classification according to basic types of processed parts:

A. Chuck type CNC lathe this kind of lathe has no tailstock and is suitable for turning disc (including short shaft) parts. The clamping mode is mostly electric or hydraulic control, and the chuck structure has adjustable claws or non quenched claws (i.e. soft claws).

B. Horizontal CNC lathe this kind of lathe is equipped with ordinary tailstock or CNC tailstock, which is suitable for turning long parts and disc parts with small diameter.

3. classification by tool rest quantity:

A. Single turret CNC lathe CNC lathes are generally equipped with various forms of single turret, such as four position horizontal rotary turret or multi position turret type automatic turret.

B. Double turret CNC lathe the double turret configuration of this kind of lathe is distributed in parallel or perpendicular to each other.

4. classification by function:

A. The economical CNC lathe is a simple CNC lathe formed after the step motor and single chip microcomputer are used to transform the feeding system of the ordinary lathe. The cost is low, but the degree of automation and function are poor, and the turning accuracy is not high. It is suitable for the turning of rotary parts with low requirements.

B. An ordinary CNC lathe is a CNC lathe which is specially designed in structure and equipped with a general CNC system according to the turning requirements. The CNC system has strong functions, high automation and high machining accuracy, and is suitable for turning general rotating parts. This kind of CNC lathe can control two coordinate axes at the same time, namely X axis and Z axis.

C. On the basis of the ordinary NC lathe, the NC Turning Center adds the c axis and power head. The more advanced NC lathe is equipped with a tool magazine, which can control the X, Z and C coordinate axes. The linkage control axes can be (x, z), (x, c) or (Z, c). Due to the addition of c-axis and milling power head, the processing function of this CNC lathe is greatly enhanced. In addition to general turning, it can also be used for radial and axial milling, surface milling, and drilling of holes and radial holes whose center line is not in the rotation center of parts.