Matters needing attention when using CNC machining center tools

To judge the working state of the tool, you need to observe the following places:

1. During the processing of the new tool in the CNC machining center, the phenomenon of stalling occurs, and the processing is very strenuous. What parameters need to be adjusted at this time?

The reason for the strenuous processing is that the power and torque of the spindle cannot bear the current cutting amount. The reasonable approach is: re-path, reduce the cutting depth, slotting depth, and trimming amount. If the overall processing time is less than 30 minutes, the cutting state can also be improved by adjusting the tool speed.

2. What is the role of the cutting fluid in the CNC machining center?

Pay attention to adding cooling oil during metal processing. The function of the cooling system is to take away the cutting heat and flying chips, and play a lubricating role in the processing. The coolant takes away the cutting heat, reduces the heat transferred to the tool and motor, and increases their service life. Take away the flying chips to avoid secondary cutting. Lubrication can reduce the cutting force and make the processing more stable. In copper processing, the use of oily cutting fluid can improve the surface quality.

3. What are the stages of wear of CNC machining center tools?

Tool wear is divided into three stages: initial wear, normal wear, and sharp wear. In the initial wear stage, the main cause of tool wear is the low temperature of the tool, which has not reached the optimal cutting temperature. At this time, the wear of the tool is mainly abrasive wear, which has a greater impact on the tool. For more CNC programming knowledge, please follow the WeChat public account (CNC programming teaching) to receive the tutorial. This stage is a very dangerous stage. If it is not handled properly, it may directly lead to tool failure. When the tool passes the initial wear period, the cutting temperature of the tool reaches a certain value. This is the main wear and tear is diffusion wear, and its main function is to cause local peeling. Therefore, the wear is relatively small and slow. When the wear reaches a certain degree, the tool fails and enters a period of rapid wear.

4. Why should the CNC machining center tool be run-in, and how to run-in?

Above we said that the tool is very easy to break in the initial wear stage. In order to avoid the phenomenon of breaking, we must run-in the tool. Make the cutting temperature of the tool gradually increase to a reasonable temperature. It has been verified by experiments that the same processing parameters are used for comparison. It can be seen that after running-in, the tool life has increased by more than 2 times.

The method of running-in is to reduce the feed speed by half while maintaining a reasonable spindle speed. The processing time is about 5 to 10 minutes. Take a small value when processing soft materials and a large value when processing hard metals.

5. How to judge whether the CNC machining center tool is seriously worn?

The method to judge whether the tool is seriously worn is:

1) Listen to the processing sound, and there is a harsh sound;

2) Listen to the spindle sound, and the spindle has obvious stalling phenomenon;

3) Feel the vibration increase during processing, and the machine tool spindle has obvious vibration;

4) Look at the processing effect, the processed bottom surface knife pattern is good and bad (if it is like this at the beginning, it means that the cutting depth is too deep).

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6. When should the tool be changed?

We should change the tool at about 2/3 of the tool life limit. For example, if the tool is seriously worn after 60 minutes, the next time you process, you should start changing the tool at 40 minutes and develop the habit of changing the tool regularly.

7. Can a severely worn CNC machining center tool continue to process?

After the tool is severely worn, the cutting force can increase to 3 times the normal value. The cutting force has a great impact on the service life of the spindle electrode. The life of the spindle motor is inversely proportional to the force to the cube. For example, when the cutting force increases by 3 times, processing for 10 minutes is equivalent to the spindle being used for 10*33=270 minutes under normal conditions.

8. How to determine the extension length of the CNC machining center tool during rough machining?

The shorter the extension length of the tool, the better. However, in actual machining, if it is too short, the length of the tool must be adjusted frequently, which will greatly affect the machining efficiency. So how should the extension length of the tool be controlled in actual machining? The principle is this: a φ3 diameter tool bar can be processed normally if it extends 5mm. A φ4 diameter tool bar can be processed normally if it extends 7mm. A φ6 diameter tool bar can be processed normally if it extends 10mm. Try to get below these values when cutting. If the length of the upper cutter is greater than the above value, try to control the depth of processing when the tool is worn. This is a bit difficult to grasp and requires more practice.

9. How to deal with a sudden cutter break during processing?

1) Stop processing and check the current sequence number of processing.

2) Check the broken cutter to see if there is a broken cutter body. If there is, remove it.

3) Analyze the cause of the cutter break. This is the most important thing. Why did the cutter break? We need to analyze it from the various factors that affect the processing mentioned above. But the reason for the cutter break is that the force on the cutter suddenly increases. Or it may be a path problem, or the tool shakes too much, or there are hard lumps in the material, or the spindle motor speed is incorrect.

4) After analysis, replace the tool for processing. If the path is not changed, the original sequence number should be advanced for processing. At this time, you must pay attention to reducing the feed speed. One is because the broken cutter is severely hardened, and the other is to run the tool.