For CNC lathe machine, the CNC is like the brain responsible for processing information and controlling the power of the machine. When the shape of the part to be machined is irregular, the interpolation operation can be solved; when the shape of the part is special and the tool of the machine tool cannot be cut, the five-coordinate linkage technology comes in handy.

CNC Lathe Machine

When it comes to industry, the most basic thing is manufacturing. The so-called manufacturing is to assemble a variety of things from raw materials to parts into products. Since metal parts are machine-made, how is the machine made? It turned out that it was done by machine tool.
(1) From machine tools to CNC machine tools, the machine no longer has no brain work.
The machine tool is the "master machine" of other machines. Steel produced by steel mills is not a strange shape we see in life, but rather a regular shape of plates, tubes, ingots, etc., which are processed into various shapes. It is necessary to use a machine tool for cutting; there are also some parts with higher precision requirements and finer surface roughness requirements, which are cut out or ground out on the machine tool using a complicated and complicated process. Like all machines, the original machine tool consisted of a power unit, a transmission and an actuator. The motor was rotated to input power. The workpiece was moved relative to the workpiece or tool through the transmission. As for where to cut, how much, how much The problem of rapid cutting and the like is directly controlled by the person during the processing.
Since the speed of the motor used in the conventional machine tool is basically constant during operation, in order to achieve different cutting speeds, the conventional machine tool has designed an extremely complicated transmission system. This complexity of machinery is rare in today's designs.
With the development of servo motor and its application on CNC machine tools, directly controlling the motor speed becomes convenient, efficient and basic. The above is the stepless speed change, the structure of the transmission system is greatly simplified, and even many links of the motor are directly connected to the actuator, and the transmission system is omitted. This "direct drive" model is a major trend in the field of mechanical design.
(2) What can the CNC system do?

Handling information and controlling power. The CNC system is the brain of CNC machine tools and CNC machine center. For general CNC machine tools, it often includes man-machine control interface, CNC system, servo drive, machine tool, detection device, etc. The operator, with the help of some computer-aided manufacturing software, will perform various operations required for the process ( For example, the steps such as the spindle shifting and the shape and size of the workpiece are represented by the part program code and input to the CNC machine through the human and control interface. Then the CNC system processes and calculates the information, and controls the servo motor according to the requirements of the part program. Realize the relative movement of the tool and the workpiece, complete the machining and processing of the information by the CNC machining system of the part, and transmit the processing result of the information to the subsequent servo motor in the form of control signals. The working effect of these control signals depends on In the two core technologies: one is the interpolation operation of the curved surface, and the other is the motion control of the multi-axis of the machine tool.
(3) Is the shape of the part too "free"? Get it by interpolation
If the motion trajectory can be expressed analytically, the entire motion can be decomposed into a composite motion of independent motion of several coordinates, and the motor can be directly controlled.
However, the shape of many parts in the manufacturing process can be said to be very "free", neither round nor square, or even know what shape, such as cars, ships, airplanes, molds, art and other products often encounter Curved surfaces described in analytical form, such curved surfaces are called free curves or freeform surfaces.
(4) The posture of the knife is not correct? Five-coordinate linkage is done in minutes
Machining complex surfaces is not only theoretically achievable, but also requires a relative positional relationship between the tool and the surface being machined.
On the one hand, if the attitude of the tool is not suitable, the surface quality of the machine will be low; on the other hand, the tool will interfere with the structure of the machined part, and there is no way to process the tool without adjusting the relative posture of the tool. This requires more freedom of movement for the CNC machine to make it more dexterous.
(5) Domestic CNC system: Gradually move to the high-end market
China is a big machine tool manufacturing country in the world today, and the numerical control system has made great progress in performance, function and complete application. Among them, the low-end CNC system almost completely replaced the import, and the mid-range CNC system has achieved remarkable results in serialization, commercialization and industrialization. The high-end CNC system has achieved the five-axis linkage function and has been demonstrated on six-axis CNC belt grinding machines, five-axis blade milling machines and turning-milling machine tools.

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